MEMORY
Previously we have seen that how memory plays an important role in modern computing
As we have seen that modern computing systems run on stored programs in memory also at the time of computing the memory deals with the cpu for the computation process.
Now in this post we’ll learn more about the memory
Basically memory is further classified in two groups which is internal or primary memory and another is external memory which is secondary memory
Internal memory (primary memory)
External memory (secondary memory)
And these two parts of memory is also classifies in further sub-groups which we’ll study with the help of memory hierarchy
CPU resistor :- CPU resistor is a part of CPU and it is smallest device to store information with faster execution
Cache memory :- cache memory is a storage device placed between CPU and main memory and it is faster than RAM.
RAM :- CPU of the modern computing system can work with the information available in main memory only so it is named as main memory
and it is further classified as SRAM and DRAM
SRAM (static ram) :- SRAM is a type of ram which consists of circuit which is capable of retaining the data as long as the power is supplied
the computer can access the data in SRAM more quickly than DRAM that’s why it is mostly used in cache memory
DRAM (dynamic ram) :- DRAM or dynamic ram stores the information in the form of an electric charges in it and the charge is applied to capacitors the data stored on this capacitor tend to lose over a short period of time and thus it needs to refresh periodically
and that is the reason that it is slower than the SRAM.
Now we’ll see the difference between the SRAM (static ram) and DRAM (dynamic ram)
Sram has lower access time than the dram that's why it is faster than the dram but the dram has higher access time than of the sram offers that's why it is slower than the sram
Sram is costly than of dram but the dram is it cheaper side when it compares
Sram requires constant power supply which means this type of memory consumes more power supply whereas the dram offers reduced power consumption because the information kept in the dram is in the capacitor
Sram offers low packing density where a the dram offers the high packing density
Due to complex internal circuit less storage capacity is available compared to the same physical size of dram memory chip but in case of dram due to the small internal circuit in the one-bit memory cell of
dram the larger storage capacity is available
read only memory (ROM) :- this type of memory is non-volatile in nature and it is a permanent memory but it is a read only so we cannot change or store some new information in it
it is of three types
PROM
EPROM
EEPROM
PROM :- PROM stands for programmable read only memory and it can be program once as per the requirements of the user but the data which is programmed in it cannot be errasible
EPROM :- EPROM stands for erasable programmable rom in this type of memory the content or data which is stored in it can erase and able to store new data in it with thee help of UV rays but to do this we have to erase whole data present in it and it is not flexible
EEPROM :- EEPROM stand for electrically erasable programmable rom in this type of memory electrical signals are used to erase the contents of the memory without affecting the content of other locations and also it is flexible method
Secondary memory :- secondary memory of a modern computing system is a non-volatile and permanent type of memory and it can store bulk information with huge amounts of data in it also known as auxiliary memory. some examples of the secondary memory is given below
i.e. :- magnetic disk, floppy disk, pendrive, cards, etc.
Access method :- in modern computing systems data in computers is saved in many forms whereas one way of storing data in computers is with the help of magnetic tapes which is also known as hard drives.
we can store files, movies, songs, and database in memory to access these data and we use access methods these access method is of two types
Sequential method
Random method
Sequential method :- in sequential method of accessing the data computer reads or writes information sequentially starting from the beginning of the flies and proceed step by step
this method provides the linear access but it is a time consuming method
Random access / direct access :- in this method computer system can read or write information anywhere in the file this type of operation is known as random because the computer knows that where it is stored and it can be accessed directly
with the help of this method the data stored in the computer can be accessed directly that’s why it is more faster and efficient method also the searching of element is easy
Hopefully the above information helps you to learn more about the memory and its hierarchy and expand your knowledge on many new and interesting topics
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Thankyou
BY :- ADARSH GUPTA
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