Computer Fundamentals
Hear in this post we’ll study the fundamentals of computer architecture and the basics of computer model
So very first we’ll go through the stored program architecture of the computer means hear we’ll see how the stored program architecture of the computer are used in modern computers also we’ll see the drastic change in the computers
Nowadays computer technology has made an incredible improvements in the past half century
In the early parts of computer evolution there were no stored program architecture in the computers and the computational power of those computers were very low and the size of those computers were very huge
But today a personal computer has more computational power then the previous one also a modern computer provides more storage space than the previous one and all these increment comes with the very compact size which is available in a much affordable cost then the previous one
Now we’ll see the basic computer model
So there are four basic units of a computer which is as follows :-
CPU (central processing unit)
Input unit
Output unit
Memory unit
This architecture is proposed by the scientist van numan
CPU (central processing unit) :- cpu ha a very important role in the computational part
all the processing and and computational task in the computer is done by the cpu
it mainly consists of two blocks which is ALU and CU
ALU (arithmetic logic unit) :- alu performs all the basic operations including mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, division, etc.)
also it tackles all the logical operations as well as (OR, . AND, NOT, >, <, etc.)
CU (control unit) :- control unit consist of a set of resistors and control circuits which manages all the activities performed by cpu and control units
Input unit :- input unit is an another important unit of the modern computer system with the help of input unit we can supply data and instructions to the computer
Some examples of input units are keyboard, mouse, joystick, microphone, scanner.
Output unit :- output unit of a computer system is used to see the results or output of the input which we have inserted in the computer. Some examples of the output units are monitor, speaker, printer, projector, fax machine, etc.
Memory unit :- memory unit of a modern computing system is the most important unit of a modern computer
memory unit in a modern computer is use to store vast amount of data and programs
CPU can work with the information stored in memory which is known as a main memory
broadly there are two types of memory one is primary memory and another is secondary memory
Now we will study the types of memory
Primary memory :- primary memory of a modern computer interacts with the cpu directly the data stored in the primary memory is temporary.
primary memory stores the data for a very short instance of time once the power supply of the primary memory is cut off the data stored in the primary memory got erased
it is of two types one is RAM (random access memory) and another is ROM (read only memory)
Secondary memory :- an another most important part of the modern computing system is the secondary memory
this type of storage in a modern computer is used to store permanent data in it
Some examples of secondary memory are hard disk, floppy disk, pen drive, magnetic disk, etc.
Hopefully the above mentioned information provides many useful information about the basic fundamentals of modern computing system
Stay connected with us for such useful informations
Thankyou
BY :- ADARSH GUPTA
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