Methods of treatment of water :-
Here in this blog we will discuss the methods which are used by the municipal authority for the domestic supply of water.
It seems to be very interesting to know about the treatment of the water which reaches our home for our domestic use so let’s begin with the methods of treatment.
Screening :-
In this process generally large waste is removed by simply screening the water.
in this process some floating materials like as leaves and twigs etc. from water in this method raw water is passed through screening which has holes. hear the floating material are simply retained and water just pass through the holes.
This method removes the large particle mixed with the water at the time of storage of water in the dams.
Sedimentation :-
The process which comes after the screening process is a sedimentation process so in this process the water is allowed to stand undisturbed in big tanks for some time in order to facilitate the setting down of the coras suspended particle due to the force of gravity is called the process of sedimentation.
This process of removing suspended particle by keeping that water undisturbed in a suspended tank for the time period of approx 2 to 8 hours
Most of the particle get settle down at the bottom of the tank due to the force of gravity
The clear supernatant water is then drawn out from the tank with the help of pumps. This process removes only 70 to 75 % of the suspended matter.
Sedimentation with coagulation :-
Now the next method which is used for the process of treatment of the water for the municipal supply is sedimentation with coagulation.
As we see in the above process of sedimentation doesn’t purify the water at all.
So in this step the water which comes after the sedimentation process or the water which contains finely divided silica, clay or maybe some organic matter do not settle down by the process of sedimentation.
Most of these are in colloidal form and carry definite types of charges. Thus, they do not coagulate due to mutual repulsion. for their removal coagulation is required.
Filtration :-
Filtration is the process of removal of coarse impurities (that is coagulated colloidal material, suspended material etc.)and some harmful micro-organism by passing water through a porous material consisting of a bed of fine sand and other granular materials and the porous material which is used for the filtration process is known filter
And the filter which is used for the filtration process of the water is mainly classified into two categories which is gravity filter and another is pressure filter
Sterilisation of water / disinfection of water :-
Sterilisation is the process of destroying/killing pathogenic bacterias and other harmful microorganisms from water to make the water safe to use is known as sterilization of water or disinfection of water.
And the chemicals which are used for this purpose are called disinfectants. but disinfection does not ensure the total destruction of the microorganisms of water but on the other hand sterilization means complete destruction of all living organisms which is possible by boiling the water over a period of time.
Characteristic of an ideal disinfectant :-
The characterstic of an ideal disinfectant are as follows
An ideal disinfectant should be able to kill the pathogens at room temperature
It should no be much expensive
It should nob be harmfull to the health of human
It should provide protection against any contamination in water during conveyance or storage
The disinfectant of water can be done in many ways below are some common methods which are used for the disinfectant of water
Boiling of water
Bleaching powder method
Chlorination method
Chloramine process
Ozonization process
Iodine process
Potassium permanganate mwthod
Chlorine dioxide
By ultra voilate light
I hope the above mention information help you to understand the methods of the treatment of water also the after going through the information mention above you will be able to inspect the purity of water
Thankyou
BY :- ADARSH GUPTA
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