INTRODUCTION TO THE FUEL

INTRODUCTION :-

 It is a naturally occurring or manufactured organic substance which is used as the source of heat.

That's why it is defined as any fissionable substance which reacts to provide energy is known as FUEL. in other words fuel is a combustible substance which contains a large amount of carbon which provides a huge amount of heat at the time of combustion.

It is an oxidation process with the atoms like carbon, hydrogen, etc which occurs with the liberation of energy.

try to understand by the reaction given below

1. C + O2 --------> CO2 + energy

2. 2H2 + O2 ------> H2O + energy 

 Above presented reaction are some examples of combustion

in the first equation as you have seen that when a carbon atom is reacted with the oxygen then through this reaction some amount of heat energy has released and this heat is further used as a power source for the various purposes.

In this process some residue is also released which contains a large amount of carbon. as in case of above equation CO2 and H2O is the residual part which is produced at the end of the reaction.

ORIGIN OF THE FUEL :- 

  

Nowadays Fossil fuels become the main source of energy.

It is found under the deep earth crust or in the oil wells in the form of mud which is known as crude oil.

As predicted over thousand of years above when the disaster occurs at that time many animals and huge trees are depleted and reach to the earth crust and in the earth crust due to the presence of extreme heat and pressure the get converted into fuels. but the presence of fossil fuel on the earth is in the limited amount and which is depleting day by day it includes petrol, diesel, coal, etc.

Besides these biodiesel is also a kind of organic fuel but it is renewable fuel which is extracted by vegetable oil and also the combustion of biodiesel is environment friendly.

CHARACTERISTIC OF A GOOD FUEL :- 

Hear we'll discuss some terms and on the basis of these terms we'll study the characteristic of fuel

so, the very first point is,

1. CALORIFIC VALUE :- It is the value which states that the amount of heat is released in one kg of fuel which is to be burned. for a ideal fuel it should be high if the calorific value of a fuel is high that means it produce much energy in less amount of fuel

2. MOISTURE CONTENT :- Presence of moisture in fuel decreases the heating value of fuel that's why for an ideal fuel it is required that there is less moisture is presence in the fuel.

3. IGNITION TEMPERATURE :- An ideal fuel requires moderate ignition temperature so that it can burn smoothly.

4. LOW COST :- A good fuel is required to be economically feasible and also it should be present in huge amount

5. PORTABLE :- It is required for a good fuel that it is easily portable so that one can easily supply across the region 

6. LESS RESIDUE :- A good fuel should have very less amount of residue so that after burning of fuel very less amount of residue is left. Also this affects the amount of heat produced in the combustion of fuel.

7.COMBUSTION PRODUCT SHOULD NOT BE HARMFUL :- while burning any fuel it is required that the product of combustion of fuel should not harm the health of the human beings.

8. MODERATE SPEED OF COMBUSTION :- From a good fuel it is expected that the fuel has moderate rate of combustion means while burning the fuel the heat production is not much less nor it should be too high.

9. SIZE :- In case of solid the size of a good fuel is required to be uniform so that combustion of the fuel is regular but there is no specific shape or size present for gas and liquid so that it is assumed the supply of these fuels should be regular for the regular combustion.

10. SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION :- In some cases spontaneous combustion of fuels may cause some serious hazards especially in the case of liquid and gaseous fuel. 

11. COMBUSTION SHOULD BE CONTROLLABLE :- A good fuel has the property that the combustion of these fuels is easily controllable so that the combustion process should be started easily and also can be stopped easily.

12. EFFICIENT BURNING :- For an ideal fuel it is required that it'll burn efficiently and also it burns without smoke.

13. STORAGE COST :- For an ideal fuel it is required that the storage cost of fuel is minimum in bulk.

By :- ADARSH GUPTA