IMPURITIES OF WATER

IMPURITIES OF WATER 

1. Water becomes impure when comes in contact with industrial waste
2.  While passing through rocks or through mountains water is contiminated with some fine particles of sand and several soluble minerals
3. It is also contaminated by the organic decomposition of plants and animals 

And rain water is contiminated with the harmfull gasses present in the environment 

So these are some ways through which the source of water gets impurities 

Types of impurities in waters

 

1. Suspended impurities :- water contains some suspended particles wether it is organic or inorganic such as dust particles , animal west etc.

These impurities are known as suspended impurities 

2. Collodial impurities :- The larger particles of the impurities settel down on standing but smaller particles remains diappear in collidial form collidial impurities includes finely dissolved silica particles , clay, organic waste, oxides of aluminium or iron , waste products, anino acid coloring materials

3. Dissolved impurities :- Natural water may contaminated by inorganic salts, gasses , and may be dissolved organic matters

a. INORGANIC SALT : 
     
    i. CATIONS : Ca+2 ,Mg+2 ,Na+ ,K+ ,Fe+2 ,Mn+2 ,Al+3 and traces of Zn+2, Cu+2
    ii. ANION : HCO3-, Co_3 2-, So_4 2-,No3-, Cl- and some harmfull gasses like f-

Besides these calcium metal is very essential for the growth of human beings and so also sodium and potassium metal ions depletion of potassium ions in body leads to unbearable fattigue and in some cases also cause serious health injuries 
Also anion are concerned , chloride and small amount of bicarbonates are also required for maintaining the PH of the stomach
However the presence of floride is highly undesirable in high quantities.

b. Dissolved gasses :- 

Co2, O2, So2, H2S, NH3, and oxides of N2 may dissolve in natural water these are the gasses present in the atmosphere with the polluting air and then contiminates the water while water comes in the contact with these gasses in the form of rain drops 

¤Pathogenic micro-organisms :-

Micro-organisms such as bacteria,  virus, fungi, and algae etc. enters into the water bodies and contiminate the water these microbes also comes from sewage and other wastes these microbes are instrumental in causing various diseases and corrosion 

Weatherit can be controlled by chlorination and by adding small amount of copper sulphate , sodium penta chlorophenate

By :- ADARSH GUPTA